cardiac neural crest造句

• The cardiac neural crest also contributes the smooth muscle of the great arteries.
• Furthermore, ISL1 is not restricted to second heart field progenitors in the developing heart, but also labels cardiac neural crest.
• Microablation of the cardiac neural crest in developing chick embryos and genetic anomalies affecting this population of cells in rodents results in persistent truncus arteriosus.
• That same year, a different group demonstrated that Isl-1 is not restricted to second heart field progenitors in the developing heart, but also labels cardiac neural crest.
• This gene product is one of two closely related family members, the HAND proteins are expressed within the developing ventricular chambers, cardiac neural crest, endocardium ( HAND2 only ) and epicardium ( HAND2 only ).
• The cardiac neural crest cells have a number of functions including creation of the muscle and connective tissue walls of large arteries; parts of the cardiac septum; parts of the thyroid, parathyroid and thymus glands.
• When the Notch pathway was blocked, the induction of vascular smooth muscle cell marker expression failed to occur, suggesting that Notch is involved in the differentiation of cardiac neural crest cells into vascular cells during outflow tract development.
• Cardiac neural crest cells ( CNCCs ) are a type of neural crest cells that migrate to the circumpharyngeal ridge ( an arc-shape ridge above the pharyngeal arches ) and then into the 3rd, 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches and the cardiac outflow tract ( OFT ).
• Numerous perturbations affecting the cardiac neural crest have been associated with persistent truncus arteriosus, some of which include growth factors ( fibroblast growth factor 8 and bone morphogenetic protein ), transcription factors ( T-box, Pax, Nkx2-5, GATA-6, and Forkhead ), and gap junction proteins ( Connexin ).